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  • The Freemasons' Monthly Magazine
  • Sept. 3, 1870
  • Page 6
  • ES-SAKHRAH.
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The Freemasons' Monthly Magazine, Sept. 3, 1870: Page 6

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    Article ENGLISH GILDS. * ← Page 3 of 3
    Article ENGLISH GILDS. * Page 3 of 3
    Article ES-SAKHRAH. Page 1 of 3 →
Page 6

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English Gilds. *

the trade , would carry on his trade without belonging to the Gild . It was impossible either to check this , and prevent detriment arising from it , or to enforce their regulation of the trade in a legitimate manner , unless the Gild had been previously

acknowledged by the lord of the town or the body of citizens . And thus , though the Craft Gilds as voluntary societies did not need confirmation by the authorities at their birth , yet this confirmation became afterwards of the greatest importance

when these Gilds wanted to be recognized as special and independent associations , which were thenceforth to regulate the trade iastead of the authori . ties of the town . This once obtained , all further protective measures would follow as a matter of

course . This transfer of all trade concerns to the management and jurisdiction of the craft gild was generally accomplished by a confirmation of their ordinance , that every one carrying on the trade

within the town or a certain district , should join and belong to the gild . And in return for this privilege the gild was yearly to pay certain taxes . To the complete independence of the craft gilds ,

it was indispensable that they should have the right of freely electing a warden for regulating their trade and for managing the gild . In England this freedom was never restricted ; at least , I know nothing to the contrary from the accounts

of English craft gilds . But on the Continent the right of appointing the warden of a craft gild varied according to the nature of the origin of the

gild , or the degree of independence which the particular handicraft enjoyed at the time when its gild was recognised . Thus the craft gilds which the free handicraftsmen formed amongst themselves possessed , of old , absolute independence in

the election of their warden , as , for instance , the weavers' gild at Cologne , and the craft gilds in Flanders . At Bale , on the contrary , where the craft gilds sprang from the companies of bondmen previously mentioned , the bishop appointed

the warden , according to the oldest charters , and in the probably less important trades ( Spinnwetem and Butchers , 1248 ); whilst in 1260 the tailors ( who were at the same time cloth merchants ) elected their own warden . In 1157 , Archbishop

Wichmann of Magdeburg had , from truly generous motives , granted to the shoemakers the ri ght of free election of their warden . This instance was , however , probably as unique , as the disposition

English Gilds. *

was rare . In Paris , the provost in the thirteenth century appointed and deposed , as he pleased , the wardens of the Oordiers ( rope-makers ) , and the Poulaillers ( poulterers ); but the Muvistes ( bathkeepers ) elected freely and independently three

preud'hommes for regulating their trade . Though political power , did not continue everywhere in-the hands of the handicraftsmen , they yet retained everywhere the independentgovernment and jurisdiction over their trade ; and

everywhere the fundamental principle of their trade policy prevailed , namely , the protection to live freely and independently on an industry based on small capital and labour . This period of development of the craft gilds

was followed by a further extension of them in the beginning of the fourteenth century , and soon afterwards by their degeneration . But before I enter upon this question , and upon the abuses which undisputed possession of their privileges

and the full sway in all trade matters produced in them , I wish to speak more fully of the constitution of the craft gilds during the first stage of their growth . This constitution was but the perfect expression of the wants which called forth the

craft gilds , and of the task which they had to perform . Their fundamental principle was the same as that of the frith gilds , that is , of those artificial unions which sprang up to replace the natural family compact , and to secure the protection which the latter afforded to their members in

former times ( see Parti . ) The craft gilds themselves first sprang up amongst the free craftsmen , when they were excluded from the fraternities which had taken the place of the family unions , and later among the bondmen , when they ceased

to belong to the familia of their lord . Like those frith gilds , the object of the early craft gilds was to create relations as if among brothers ; and above all things , to grant to their members that assistance which the members of a family might expect from that family . ( To he Continued ?)

Es-Sakhrah.

ES-SAKHRAH .

A MASONIC MYTH OF THE DAYS OF SOLOMON . Every reader of Holy Land literature , and few there are at the present day who do not give some attention to it , has read of that mysterious rock , called by the Mohammedans Es-Sakhrah ( " the rock" ) that rears up its head in nature ' s

“The Freemasons' Monthly Magazine: 1870-09-03, Page 6” Masonic Periodicals Online, Library and Museum of Freemasonry, 24 July 2025, django:8000/periodicals/mmr/issues/mmr_03091870/page/6/.
  • List
  • Grid
Title Category Page
Untitled Article 1
THE HOLY ROYAL ARCH. Article 1
THE WAR—AID TO THE SICK AND WOUNDED. Article 1
ENGLISH GILDS. * Article 4
ES-SAKHRAH. Article 6
FREEMASONRY. Article 8
MASONIC JOTTINGS.—No. 35. Article 10
MASONIC NOTES AND QUERIES. Article 10
CORRESPONDENCE. Article 11
MASONIC SAYINGS AND DOINGS ABROAD. Article 12
Untitled Article 13
MASONIC MEMS. Article 13
Craft Masonry. Article 13
SCOTTISH CONSTITUTION. Article 14
ROYAL ARCH. Article 14
THE GRAND LODGE OF MASSACHUSETTS Article 15
MASONIC AMBITION. Article 18
THE TEMPLE AT PARIS. Article 18
PROGRESS. Article 19
REVIEWS. Article 20
LIST OF LODGE, MEETINGS, &c., FOR WEEK ENDING 10TH SEPTEMBER, 1870. Article 20
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software.

English Gilds. *

the trade , would carry on his trade without belonging to the Gild . It was impossible either to check this , and prevent detriment arising from it , or to enforce their regulation of the trade in a legitimate manner , unless the Gild had been previously

acknowledged by the lord of the town or the body of citizens . And thus , though the Craft Gilds as voluntary societies did not need confirmation by the authorities at their birth , yet this confirmation became afterwards of the greatest importance

when these Gilds wanted to be recognized as special and independent associations , which were thenceforth to regulate the trade iastead of the authori . ties of the town . This once obtained , all further protective measures would follow as a matter of

course . This transfer of all trade concerns to the management and jurisdiction of the craft gild was generally accomplished by a confirmation of their ordinance , that every one carrying on the trade

within the town or a certain district , should join and belong to the gild . And in return for this privilege the gild was yearly to pay certain taxes . To the complete independence of the craft gilds ,

it was indispensable that they should have the right of freely electing a warden for regulating their trade and for managing the gild . In England this freedom was never restricted ; at least , I know nothing to the contrary from the accounts

of English craft gilds . But on the Continent the right of appointing the warden of a craft gild varied according to the nature of the origin of the

gild , or the degree of independence which the particular handicraft enjoyed at the time when its gild was recognised . Thus the craft gilds which the free handicraftsmen formed amongst themselves possessed , of old , absolute independence in

the election of their warden , as , for instance , the weavers' gild at Cologne , and the craft gilds in Flanders . At Bale , on the contrary , where the craft gilds sprang from the companies of bondmen previously mentioned , the bishop appointed

the warden , according to the oldest charters , and in the probably less important trades ( Spinnwetem and Butchers , 1248 ); whilst in 1260 the tailors ( who were at the same time cloth merchants ) elected their own warden . In 1157 , Archbishop

Wichmann of Magdeburg had , from truly generous motives , granted to the shoemakers the ri ght of free election of their warden . This instance was , however , probably as unique , as the disposition

English Gilds. *

was rare . In Paris , the provost in the thirteenth century appointed and deposed , as he pleased , the wardens of the Oordiers ( rope-makers ) , and the Poulaillers ( poulterers ); but the Muvistes ( bathkeepers ) elected freely and independently three

preud'hommes for regulating their trade . Though political power , did not continue everywhere in-the hands of the handicraftsmen , they yet retained everywhere the independentgovernment and jurisdiction over their trade ; and

everywhere the fundamental principle of their trade policy prevailed , namely , the protection to live freely and independently on an industry based on small capital and labour . This period of development of the craft gilds

was followed by a further extension of them in the beginning of the fourteenth century , and soon afterwards by their degeneration . But before I enter upon this question , and upon the abuses which undisputed possession of their privileges

and the full sway in all trade matters produced in them , I wish to speak more fully of the constitution of the craft gilds during the first stage of their growth . This constitution was but the perfect expression of the wants which called forth the

craft gilds , and of the task which they had to perform . Their fundamental principle was the same as that of the frith gilds , that is , of those artificial unions which sprang up to replace the natural family compact , and to secure the protection which the latter afforded to their members in

former times ( see Parti . ) The craft gilds themselves first sprang up amongst the free craftsmen , when they were excluded from the fraternities which had taken the place of the family unions , and later among the bondmen , when they ceased

to belong to the familia of their lord . Like those frith gilds , the object of the early craft gilds was to create relations as if among brothers ; and above all things , to grant to their members that assistance which the members of a family might expect from that family . ( To he Continued ?)

Es-Sakhrah.

ES-SAKHRAH .

A MASONIC MYTH OF THE DAYS OF SOLOMON . Every reader of Holy Land literature , and few there are at the present day who do not give some attention to it , has read of that mysterious rock , called by the Mohammedans Es-Sakhrah ( " the rock" ) that rears up its head in nature ' s

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